List of Important Amendments of Indian Constitution:
- Amending in the Indian Constitution is basically the changing or modification of the Indian Constitution time-to-time since its first implementation in 1950 over the course of Indian Polity.
- It is a document that has helped shape India’s political and social history for generations to come. So that it can keep enlightening us and subsequent generations.
- The amendments of Indian Constitution is borrowed from the Constitution of South Africa.
- As of August 2021, India has total 105 Amendments in the Indian Constitution.
- The latest 105th amendment was added in the year 2021 which gives power to the state governments to define a category belonging to educationally or socially backward people and identified as “Other Backward Class” (OBC’s).
- There are three types of amendments to the Constitution of India of which second and third type of amendments are governed under the Article 368. These are:
- 1) Simple Majority
- 2) Special Majority
- 3) Special Majority & Ratification by states
- This article will provide you with the important Amendments of Indian Constitution that are frequently asked in SSC exams and others. List of Important Amendments of Indian Constitution. 125th amendment of indian constitution. (that includes the amendment related to the Finance Commission and the 10th schedule of the Constitution)
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List of Important Amendments of Indian Constitution
| Amendments | Features |
| 1st Constitutional Amendment Act, 1951 | 1) This amendment added Article 15(4) and Article 19(6) and changes to the private property. 2) Added Ninth schedule. |
| 7th Constitutional Amendment Act, 1956 | 1) Implementation on account of reorganization of states on a linguistic basis. 2) Changes regarding appointment of acting judges, high courts etc. |
| 10th Constitutional Amendment Act, 1961 | Incorporated Dadra and Nagar Haveli as Union Territory. |
| 12th Constitutional Amendment Act, 1962 | Added the territories of Goa, Daman & Diu into the Indian Union. |
| 18th Constitutional Amendment Act, 1966 | Reorganized Punjab into Punjab, Haryana and UT of Chandigarh. |
| 21st Constitutional Amendment Act, 1967 | Included Sindhi language as the fifteenth regional language. |
| 26th Constitutional Amendment Act, 1971 | Abolished the titles and special privileges of former rules of princely states. |
| 36th Constitutional Amendment Act, 1975 | Made Sikkim a full-fledged state of the Union of India. |
| 42nd Constitutional Amendment Act, 1976 | 1) Also nicknamed as Mini Constitution of India. 2) Provided supremacy of parliament and gave Directive Principles precedence over Fundamental Rights. 3) Incorporated the words-‘SOCIALIST,’ ‘SECULAR’ & ‘INTEGRITY.’ 4) Added 10 Fundamental Duties. |
| 44th Constitutional Amendment Act, 1978 | 1) Deleted “Right to Property” from the Part-III of the Fundamental Rights and place in a new Art. 300A as legal right. 2) Article 352 was amended to provide “armed rebellion” as one of the circumstances for National emergency. |
| 52nd Constitutional Amendment Act, 1985 | 1) This Amendment was brought during Rajiv Gandhi regime. 2) Added the 10th schedule (regarding the anti-defection law). |
| 56th Constitutional Amendment Act, 1985 | The UT of Goa, Daman & Diu was divided and Goa was made a state. Daman & Diu remained as a UT. |
| 61st Amendment Act, 1988 | Reduced the voting from 21 to 18 years for the Lok Sabha as well as assemblies. |
| 69th Constitutional Amendment Act, 1991 | Insertion of Art.239-AA & 239-AB to provide a National Capital Territory designation to Union Territory of Delhi. |
| 71st Constitutional Amendment Act, 1992 | Included Manipuri, Konkani & Nepalese languages in the 8th schedule. |
| 73rd Constitutional Amendment Act, 1992 | 1) Added Panchayati Raj Institution in the 11th schedule of the Constitution. 2) Provided among other things Gram Sabha in Villages, direct elections to all seats in panchayats, reservation of seats for Women, SC’s & ST’s. It also inserted part IX containing Arts. 243, 243A & 243O. |
| 74th Constitutional Amendment Act, 1992 | 1) Added Municipality bill in part IX-A of the constitution. 2) Containing Arts. 243P to 243ZG and the XIIth schedule which deals with items concerning Municipalities. |
| 77th Constitutional Amendment Act, 1995 | A new clause 4A was added to Art.16 which authorized the state to make provisions for SC’s & ST’s regarding promotion in govt. jobs. |
| 84th Constitutional Amendment Act, 2001 | Extended freeze on Lok Sabha and State Assembly seats till 2026. |
| 86th Constitutional Amendment Act, 2002 | 1) Added a new Article 21A which makes education a fundamental right for children of the age of 6-14 years. 2) Added a new fundamental Duty (Art.51A) to part IV of the constitution. |
| 91st Constitutional Amendment Act, 2003 | Amended the anti-defection law and also limits the size of Ministries at the Centre and in states cannot be more than 15% of the strength of Lok Sabha & respected Vidhan Sabha. |
| 92nd Constitutional Amendment Act, 2003 | Bodo, Maithili, Santhali & Dogri added into the 8th schedule. |
| 93rd Constitutional Amendment Act, 2005 | To reserve seats for socially and educationally backward classes besides the SC’s & ST’s in private unaided institutions. |
| 101st Constitutional Amendment Act, 2016 | Introduced the “Goods & Services Tax” (GST). Addition of Articles 246A, 269A, 279A. |
| 102nd Constitutional Amendment Act, 2018 | Constitutional status to the Backward classes. |
| 103rd Constitutional Amendment Act, 2019 | 10% reservation of all the citizens belonging to “Economic Backward Section”(EWS). |
| 105th Constitutional Amendment Act, 2021 | To restore the power of the state govt. to identify “Other Backward Classes” (OBC’s) that are socially and educationally backward. |
Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ’s)
Q1) What is an amendment in Indian Constitution?
Ans. Amending in the Indian Constitution is basically the changing or amending the provisions in the Constitution time-to-time over the course of Indian Polity.
Q2) How many amendments are there in the Constitution?
Ans. As of October 2021, India has total 105 amendments. Three different types of changes to the Indian Constitution are governed under Article 368.
Q3) What is the last amendment of the Indian Constitution?
Ans. The latest 105th amendment was added in the year 2021 which gives power to the state govts. to define a category belonging to educationally or socially backward people and identified as “Other Backward Class” (OBC’s). List of Important Amendments of Indian Constitution.
Q4) What are the types of constitutional amendment?
Ans. There are three types of constitutional amendments governed under the Article 368 of the constitution. These are:
1) Simple Majority
2) Special Majority
3) Special Majority & Ratification by states.